Civilisations

From the Greek city-states to the fall of Constantinople. Four connected histories, in chronological order.

01

c. 900–323 BCE

Early city-states to the end of the Classical age

Ancient Greece

A world of independent city-states, shared gods and competing ideas. Explore the Greeks through their myths, political experiments and encounters with their neighbours.

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02

753 BCE–476 CE

Rome’s traditional foundation to the end of the western empire

Ancient Rome

From a city on the Tiber to a Mediterranean empire. Follow Rome’s kings, republic and emperors through political rivalries, conquest, religious change and everyday life.

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03

359–31 BCE

Philip II’s accession to the close of the Hellenistic age

Macedonia & Hellenistic World

Macedonia’s rise transformed the ancient world. Follow Philip II, Alexander the Great and the rival dynasties that divided his empire and connected the eastern Mediterranean with western Asia.

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04

330–1453 CE

Constantinople’s dedication to its Ottoman conquest

Byzantine Empire

The Roman Empire’s eastern story: a Christian, increasingly Greek-speaking state centred on Constantinople. Discover its emperors, religious debates, art and long struggle to survive.

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